Chapter 14 - State-Wide Effects of Natural Disasters on the Labor Market
Abstract
Some scientific evidence predicts that extreme weather events are becoming more frequent and more violent. While this is debatable, there is a general consensus that the socioeconomic harm (such as lost aggregate output) caused by natural disasters is substantial and escalating. Conversely, the effects of natural disasters on specific economic sectors such as the labor market are still largely unknown. In the absence of such evidence, this article tends to draw on principles of the post-Keynesian theory of growth and distribution to propose a framework for capturing labor market response to devastating natural disasters. Consequently, the fundamental objective of this chapter is to explore the links through which natural disasters affect regional labor market using time series methods and estimation techniques.
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Workforce development
2023, Modernizing Global Health Security to Prevent, Detect, and RespondGlobal health security (GHS) and resilience involve the ability to prevent, detect, and respond to health threats caused by naturally occurring, accidental, or human-engineered hazards that can be environmental, technological, biological, chemical, nuclear, or previously unknown in nature. The COVID-19 pandemic realerted the world to current vulnerabilities in GHS from the local to the international levels. Disparities in human and other resources across low- and high-resource nations had differential consequences whereby the burden and effects of the disease were borne by some more than others. Once again, the world was reminded that GHS requires a trained workforce at every level equipped to make optimal decisions and to respond rapidly and effectively both during normal operations and in the face of an emergency. In addition, the pandemic reaffirmed that transdisciplinary and cross-agency collaboration is key to operationalizing effective strategies to develop the infrastructure and capacity to protect the health of people, animals, and the environment.
A paradigm shift in workforce development is needed that measurably breaks down disciplinary silos, embraces innovations in technology, builds on lessons learned from past events, and takes an all-hazard approach to preparedness. A framework for protecting worker health and well-being is needed for worker retention and recruitment. Preparing tomorrow's workforce will require new modalities of learning to prepare well-trained, skilled, and motivated workers with the competencies to confront complex challenges and engage in multisectoral collaborations. While short-term solutions may meet immediate crises, long-term planning, and system-level changes are required to have the capacity and infrastructure needed to modernize GHS to meet the world's demand.